Author: gradphysics

Gifts Gifts to business partners not only keep the compliance officer on their toes, accounting often finds these kinds of representation costs exhausting. A company has to consider a lot here in order to save the tax deduction. Gifts to customers and suppliers are generally not considered business expenses , unless the value of the […]

“If you don’t advertise, you die!” This quote, which is attributed to the American auto mogul Henry Ford, is still valid today and not only for vehicle manufacturers. Representation costs play an important role for almost all companies. However, the term is neither a business nor a legal term. The marketing department often means something […]

Fixed assets According to Section 247 of the German Commercial Code (HGB), fixed assets include all items that are used permanently for your business operations. This means all items that are firmly bound in the company and are permanently created. This can be, for example, machines, land or vehicles. A distinction is made between three […]

It is often the first time, especially for founders, that they are confronted with the subject of proper bookkeeping. If you are not familiar with the topic and do not seek the support of a tax advisor or specialist, you will quickly reach your limits. Especially when you are confronted with the principles of proper […]

What is the imparity principle? The imparity principle is one of the fundamental principles in double-entry bookkeeping . It stipulates that merchants must exercise the necessary caution when assessing all business transactions and therefore have to record losses as soon as they can be assumed. The principles of proper bookkeeping regulate the recording of business […]

Advantages and disadvantages of voluntary entry in the commercial register As a small business owner or freelancer, you do not necessarily have to be entered in the commercial register. Choosing it voluntarily has advantages and disadvantages. From a legal point of view, the civil code no longer applies , but a registered merchant is subject […]

If you want to find out more about regional companies, take a look at the commercial register . All important information can be found there. This creates transparency and security. For some companies, the entry is compulsory, others can be registered voluntarily. Definition and explanation: what is a commercial register? A commercial register is a […]

Various participation can be found within a company: there is the managing director, the shareholder , a supervisory board and much more. If you are a shareholder in a GmbH or another form of company, you have certain rights and obligations, which we would like to explain to you in more detail below. What is […]

What exactly is benchmarking? Benchmarking is a process that continuously searches for opportunities for improvement. This approach ensures that the company remains competitive. This means that the aim is to close any performance gap. These comparisons were originally only made among the world’s large corporations, but benchmarking is now used regardless of company size and […]

The duck condor is the world’s largest bird of prey and therefore the largest of its kind. The duck condor is impressive in sight as it quietly glides around on its large, motionless wings. It also looks great when it steers down towards its rock shelf and strikes its feet out, spreading its neck to […]