What is Civilization?
As a civilization it is called the set of customs, knowledge, arts and institutions that constitute the ways of life of a human society.
In this sense, civilizations are societies that have reached a high degree of complexity in their forms of organization, their institutions, their social structure and their economic relations; that they are endowed with a political, administrative and legal system, and that they have developed scientific and technological knowledge, as well as art and culture.
Hence, it is considered that the concept of civilization necessarily implies the presence of culture, and can be considered, in many cases, as its synonym , that is, the set of beliefs, values, customs, traditions, artistic manifestations, institutions, etc., which characterize a society.
Civilization, on the other hand, can also be taken as a synonym for progress, development or advance. Hence, it is used to refer to the way in which a society can undergo a process of transformation in its ways of life, both economically, politically and socially, which, compared to its previous situation, represents an improvement.
Likewise, as civilization is called the action and effect of civilizing: “The invaders subjected the indigenous peoples to a process of civilization.”
As a civilization, the most advanced stage of development of human societies is also mentioned , to which the states of savagery and barbarism pre-exist.
Similarly, the word civilization can be used to refer to the cultures that have existed throughout history and that are characterized by a set of distinctive features in their customs, traditions, artistic expressions, knowledge, language, institutions, etc. ., such as the Mayan, Aztec, Greek, Roman civilization, among others.
World history records, in the Middle East, more specifically in Egypt and Mesopotamia, the first human civilizations. These were the first civilizations discovered by agriculture, commerce, writing, as well as the first human societies organized administratively by laws and regulations for their proper functioning. They were characterized, among other things, by being river civilizations, that is, they arose around the basins of the great rivers: the Nile for the Egyptians, and the Tigris and the Euphrates for the Mesopotamians.
